In 19, Hans Spemann showed that transplanting presumptive epidermis into the area of presumptive neural tissue would change the fate of the transplanted cells to that of their new destination, and likewise when he transplanted presumptive neural tissue to where the presumptive epidermis was forming.
Prior to its discovery, it had been hypothesized by multiple groups that there exists a portion of the developing embryo that serves as an 'organization center'. The Spemann-Mangold organizer was first described in 1924 by Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold. This discovery significantly impacted the world of developmental biology and fundamentally changed the understanding of early development. First described in 1924 by Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold, the introduction of the organizer provided evidence that the fate of cells can be influenced by factors from other cell populations. The Spemann-Mangold organizer is a group of cells that are responsible for the induction of the neural tissues during development in amphibian embryos.